Fibonacci Series and Forex: The Power of Nature
Fibonacci Series and
Forex: The Power of Nature
The Fibonacci series is
the infinite sequence of numbers (0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13 ..) in which each
item is the sum of the preceding two. For example, 2= 1+1, 5 = 3+2, and so on.
This sequence has been recognized and examined in Europe since the 14th
century, but Arabs and Indians were aware of its existence even before that
time. The series is widely encountered in countless natural phenomena, from the
arrangement of tree leaves to various properties of the sub-atomic world, and
it is studied by mathematicians with great interest as a fertile field for new
discoveries.
It should not be that
surprising that the series, as commonly encountered in many natural processes
and patterns, is also useful in the study of the price action and the markets.
We concern ourselves with the forex trading aspect of indicators: the way in
which the market action seems to follow certain suggestions of the Fibonacci
Series when it is applied to various trends and range patterns.
The Golden Ratio
Many traders use the
Fibonacci Series for trading decisions, but most of time, the raw numbers
themselves find little use. Instead, to make analysis easier, traders use the
ratios between the numbers in the Fibonacci Series to determine various factors
like retracement levels, extensions of trends, and resistance levels inside a
price range. All these ratios are essentially derived from the Golden Ratio
which is the limit of the ratio of two successive numbers in the Fibonacci
Series. For example, 5/8 is approximately 0.62. while 8/13 is approximately
0.61. If we subtract this number from one, we get 0.38, which is also the ratio
of two numbers in the series with one number in between. For example, 3/8 is
equal to 0.375, while 5/13 is approximately 0.38. The ratio between Fibonacci
numbers converges on ideal values as the series progresses.
To summarize, in the
infinite series
0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8,
13 ..
8/13 = 5/8 = 3/5 =2/3 =
0.61 with the equality being an approximation, and the ratio approaching the
ideal Golden Ratio (0.6180339887) as the series progresses.
1/3=2/5=3/8=5/13 =
0.38. Similar to the above, this ratio is simply the subtraction of the Golden
Ratio from one.
Overview of Fibonacci
Indicators
So how are the
Fibonacci numbers (rather the ratios) used in technical analysis, and forex? It
has been observed countless times in the market that the resistance support
levels in the context of a developing range or trend pattern are determined by
the Fibonacci ratios. So for example, if the first leg of a trend has the
length of 3x, the retracement is expected to be 0.38*3x, or 0.61*3x. Similarly,
the extension of the trend will be at 5x, or 8x, as we would expect in the
series. (Remember that the series runs (...3,5,8...)). All Fibonacci indicators
are built on this principle. Let's see a few examples
Fibonacci Retracement
This indicator is used
for determining retracement levels in an ongoing trend. The two most important
ratios are 0.38, and 0.61, but 0.50 is also used. When using this indicator,
the trader simply notes the levels that correspond to the multiplication of the
size of the main price movement with the ratios, and notes them as potential
support levels. For example, if the price moved from 1 to 1,3 in its main leg,
the retracement levels would be at (0.3*0.61= 0.183) and (0.3*0.38=0.11), that
is, at 1.18, and 1.11. Here 0.3 is (1.3-1), that's the length of the main
movement, and the factors are the Fibonacci Ratios.
Fibonacci Extension
Fibonacci Extension
serves the same purpose, and is calculated in the same manner as the previous
item, only it is used to calculate extension levels, the resistance levels
where the trend may reverse after an initial leg. For example, in our previous
example, to calculate the next possible leg of the trend (and the resistance
level) we need to multiply the length of the first leg at 0.3 with the
Fibonacci Ratios of 1.38 and 1.61.
Fibonacci Time Series
The Fibonacci Time
Series is the Fibonacci Series applied to the timeframe of trading. Thus, we
first choose a developed pattern from the past, preferably at the beginning of
some long term trend. For example, we pick a head and shoulders pattern which
is the first leg of a long term uptrend, and apply the time series to it. If
the H&S pattern developed over a period of 2x days, we expect the
subsequent triangle to develop over a period of 3x days, and the correction
after that to last 5x days with the number picked up from the sequence
discussed above (0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13 ..). The principle is that each
complete phase of the trend should develop in a time period determined by the
Fibonacci Sequence.
Conclusion
The trading software
will do all of the calculations above and provide them for you without you
having to crunch a single number. So don't be discouraged if you find the topic
a bit too complicated. It is very easy to get the hang of this subject after
drawing a couple of Fibonacci levels on a forex chart.
Fibonacci Series is a
mathematical concept, but since the market action is a chaotic process, it
would not be sensible to expect the prognostications based on this series to be
correct at all times. However, it is very useful in determining potential
reversal, or reaction points, as well as points where we can leave or join a
trend, based on the Fibonacci Ratios. It is easy to use the Fibonacci
Indicators, and they are very popular among traders of all experience levels.
As long as you don't regard them as infallible, they will be very useful in
your trading decisions.
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